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Geography and Environment - Land and Environment |
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| Location |    |
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Ghana stands roughly midway along the coast of the West African sub-region where it shares borders with Cote d'Ivoire (west), Togo (east), Burkina Faso (north) and the Gulf of Guinea (south). The country lies between longitude 30 151 W and 10 121 E, and latitude 40 441 and 110 151 N. The Greenwich Meridian passes through Ghana precisely through the port town of Tema. The country therefore adopts the Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT).
Territorial Size
The total land area of Ghana is 238,533km2 with an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of an extra 110,000km2 of the sea, which forms the territorial area of Ghana. It has a coastline of 550 km2 which stretches from Aflao on the eastern border with Togo and from Elubo on the Western border with Cote d Ivoire.
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| | | | | Relief and Drainage | |
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Most parts of the country can be described as low plains not exceeding 300 metres above sea level. The forest-dissected plateau in the South Central portion has a varying elevation between 240m and 300m. The ridges, escarpments and plateau immediately bordering the Volta are of much higher elevation, between 450m and 900m. The highest mountain peak Mt. Afadjato, is 872m near the Ghana-Togo border.
The major river is the Volta whose basin covers about 165,830km2, representing roughly two-thirds of the land area of the country. Together with others including the Tano, Ankobra and the Pra, these rivers drain the major areas of the country. The Volta Lake created through the damming of the river at Akosombo, about 100km from its estuary has a total surface area of 8,500 km2 and a shoreline of about 4,800km. The Lake is noted to be the largest man-made lake in the World. The eastern coastline is characterized by a maze of lagoons, marshlands and swamps, creeks and the Volta delta. Keta and Songhor lagoons are the most prominent. Elsewhere the coastline is either sandy or rocky.
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| | | | | Biophysical Environment | | Climate, Vegetation, and Soils
The climate of Ghana which includes rainfall, temperature, humidity etc and vegetation and soils is best described and understood within the framework of Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs). The two major agro-ecological zones are the tropical rainforest and savanna grassland. | | |  Read More...
| | Natural Resources and Economic Gegraphy | |
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The economy of Ghana is largely based on agricultural production on which more than 80% of the population depends for their livelihood. It also accounts for about 35% of GDP among the economic sectors. The principal natural resources from which the country derives its foreign exchange have however remained unchanged over the years, with cocoa (beans and products), timber and timber products, and minerals still the major items (Table 5).
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| | Trade, Trasport and Communication | | Trade is promoted through the natural resources. The future of Ghana’s trade and payments position is very much linked to the performance of its exports, as most of its imports are essential products that cannot be easily done away with.
The value (f.o.b.) of exports from Ghana increased from US$2,091 million in 1998 to US$2,099.43 million in 1999. Despite the general feeling of decline in non-oil imports, the value of imports increased from US$2,897 million in 1998 to US$3,228.2 million in 1999.
The provision of transport infrastructure is entirely the responsibility of the public sector. In the 1990’s, government attached the highest priority to the rehabilitation and maintenance of all modes of transport infrastructure in order to lengthen their useful lives. As a result, all allocations to the transport and communication sectors development budget averaged over 33% of the total development expenditure in the 1990’s.
The number of telecommunication service providers increased to 56 in 1999 and at the same time the number of telephone lines increased from 178,594 in 1998 to 259,958 in 1999, or 44.7%. The number of pay phones increased from 3,800 in 1998 to about 5,000 in 1999, an increase of about 31%. Ghana Telecom dominates the telecommunication services with over 73% of the telephones lines in the country.
The increased number of telephones has facilitated interest connectively. By the end of 1999 it was estimated that there were about 10,000 Internet subscribers in Ghana with 90% of the based in the Greater Accra Region.
| | | | | Political and Administrative Regions | |
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Ghana is divided into ten administrative regions, with Accra as the capital city. There are a total of 110 districts (Table 7).
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News &
Events |
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| 10/05/2013 | | LET’S DEVELOP BRONG-AHAFO TOURISM SITES | | Available records say the region produces about 30 percent of the food requirement of the country....more | | | | 10/05/2013 | | THE STORY OF TONGU | | The Tongu consist of a dialect group among the Ewe-speaking people and the Dangme-speaking people of Ada who inhabit the lower parts of the Volta River. Among the Akan speaking people, however, Tongu and Battor are identical, because the Battor were the first tribe to migrate up the Volta and to come in contact with the Akans there....more | | | | 10/05/2013 | | THE STORY OF NSOKO | | Nsoko Traditional Area forms an integral part of the Tain District in the Brong Ahafo Region....more | | | | 10/05/2013 | | THE STORY OF AKWAMU | | The founding fathers of AKWAMU in the Asougyaman District of the Eastern Region claim migrant origin from erstwhile Kumbu state cited in the mountainous region between the Black Volta and the Comoe Rivers in northeastern Cote d’lvoire where they are from the royal Kumbu lineage – a Vanished Dynasty!...more | | | | 10/05/2013 | | THE STORY OF SAKYIKROM | | SAKYIKROM is a town located at the foothills of the Nyanao Mountain, and shares a common boundary with Nsawam-Adowagyiri Township in the Eastern Region....more | | | | 24/04/2013 | | THE STORY OF OBO KWAHU | | According to Obo Ankobeahene Oral Tradition captured between 1985 and 1987 and supported by Adamu Yanko Oral Tradition, the first sight where the present Obo Township is situated was called Akropong....more | | | | 24/04/2013 | | THE STORY OF DUAYAW NKWANTA | | DUAYAW-NKWANTA is the administrative capital of Tano-North District Assembly, in the Brong Ahafo Region. And according to legend, the putative founder, Nana Dua Yaw, and the first queen mother, Nana Serwaa, and followers of the Ekuona clan descended from the sky on a gold ‘’atweaban’’ chain on a Friday. They landed in a dense forest on a spot known as Mankwaemu which later became the royal mausoleum....more | | | | 28/01/2013 | | THE STORY OF NSOKO (1 – 2) | | Nsoko Traditional Area forms an integral part of the Tain District in the Brong Ahafo Region. This traditional area shares boundaries with:...more | | | | 05/01/2013 | | THE STORY OF HO | | Traditions of origin suggest that they had migrated with a related group-the Ewe-speaking people from southern Nigerian. It is certain that the Ewe originally were in sphere of influence of the old Ayo Empire that flourished in the southern Nigerian....more | | | | 01/12/2012 | | THE STORY OF AHANTA (1 – 2) | | The AHANTA STATE and the story of the glorious era of Ahanta Traditional hierarchy prior to the recent creation of District Assemblies which significantly altered the early geopolitical morphology of the area, vis-á-vis, SHAMA-AHANTA EAST METROPOLITAN ASSEMBLY (with its capital at Agona Nkwanta)....more | | | | 27/07/2012 | | The Story Of BOSO | | Boso Gwa Traditional Area forms an integral part of the Asuogryaman District in the Eastern Region. Linguistically, the people of Boso belong to the Guan ethnic bloc, and had lived in the Mid-Volta Basin long before the Akamu arrived from Nyanawase to establish a permanent home at Akwamufie, 1733....more | | | | 27/07/2012 | | The Story of PRANG | | Geographically, the Prang State is situated in the Atebubu-Amantin District in Eastern Brong Ahafo Region....more | | | | 27/07/2012 | | The Story Of BUEM | | JASIKAN is the Administrative capital of the Buem Traditional Area in mid-Volta Region, physically an integral part of the Togo-Atakora system, but historically a part of the former German Colony of “Schutzgebiet Togo”, 1899 – 1918, when Buem became part of Togoland under United Kingdom Trusteeship till Plebiscite was held in May 1956 to determine its unification with an independent Gold Coast....more | | | | 27/07/2012 | | The Story of BEREKUM | | BEREKUM Traditional Area in the Brong Ahafo Region shares boundaries with Wenchi (Tain District) to the north-east, Dormaa to the south, Sunyani to the east, and Jaman to the west....more | | | | 12/07/2012 | | The Story of Kwamankese | | The Kwamankese State forms an integral part of Abora – Asebu Kwamankese District Assembly in the Central Region. The state shares boundaries with Assin Attandaso in the north; Abeadze in the east, Abora in the south and west....more | | | | 12/07/2012 | | The Story Of BODWESEANWO | | The town of BODWESEANWO forms an integral part of the Adanse Traditional Area, and lies south-east of Fomena behind the Kusa hills. It is situated some 11 kiometers inland from Obuasi junction through Brofoyedru....more | | | | 12/07/2012 | | The Story Of SEKYEDUMASI | | Traditions claim that the royal Aduana lineage of Sekyedumasi, in the Ejura-Sekyedumasi District of Asante, originated from Asumegya-Asantemanso....more | | | | 12/07/2012 | | THE STORY OF SENYA – BERAKU | | The people of Senya – Beraku belong to the AWUTU AMANSA group of States comprising Winneba, Senya and Awutu who occupy the same geographical area in the Central Region on the coast. Linguistically, they speak the same language or related Guan dialects which are more or less mutually intelligible. Despite ties and language and culture they are largely independent of one another....more | | | | 04/04/2012 | | The Story Of Akwatia | | Akwatia is situated west of the Atewa ranges on the Asamankese Kade road.The founding fathers of Akwatia were once a branch of Akwamu.They were together with Akwamu throughout their migration from Human to Asakamu while the main body of Akwamu continued eastwards and settled permanently on the Nyanao Hill....more | | | | 16/03/2012 | | ELMINA CASTLE, A LIVING TESTIMONY TO SLAVERY | | The Elmina Castle, Edina, Anomana or Amankwaa Kurom — it has been called many names, but one thing will never change — the malevolent history of this relic of the trans-Atlantic slave trade....more | | | | 22/02/2012 | | "AZONTO CRAZE" | | “Azonto” is a Ghanaian dance which involves movement of most of the joints in the body in a rhythmic fashion taking very few steps. Just like most African dances, knee bending and hip movement are rudiments to dancing it....more | | | | 22/02/2012 | | ROLE OF THE QUEEN MOTHER IN ENSTOOLING OR DESTOOLING A CHIEF. | | Chieftaincy- Chief- Definition of – Requisites for making a chief – Constitution, Article 277.
Chief – Nomination – Fundamental requirement for making a chief – Role of queen mother – meaning of nomination – Nomination to precede all other processes for making chief – Ex post facto processes after nomination irrelevant for want of capacity to make nomination....more | | | | 27/10/2011 | | TRIBUTE TO EFO KODJO MAWUGBE BY THE MINISTRY OF CHIEFTAINCY & CULTURE AND THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CULTURE | | TRIBUTE TO EFO KODJO MAWUGBE BY THE MINISTRY OF CHIEFTAINCY & CULTURE AND THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CULTURE...more | | | | 17/10/2011 | | ADEKYEM FESTIVAL | | Under the able and inspirational leadership of Nana Fosu Gyeabour Akoto II, Omanhene of Bechem Traditional Area and President of the Bechem Traditional Council, Nananom introduced the ADEKYEM FESTIVAL to be celebrated by the Chiefs and people of Bechem Traditional Area, made up of the following towns and their villages: Bechem, Dwomo, Terchire and Tanoso. These towns together are known as “ATANOFO AKROTUONNAN”....more | | | | 28/07/2011 | | BEADS SHOW AT NGMAYEM FESTIVAL | | If you love beads and don’t mind getting caught up in a week filled with an exhibition and trade show, seminars and work- shops for beads sellers and producers, fashion shows with assorted beads accessories, beads design competition and bead- making lessons, then the place to head for between October 22 and October 29 is the 2nd International Bead Festival at Odumase Krobo in the Eastern Region....more | | | | 19/07/2011 | | WHAT IS FOLKLORE | | The world Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) under what it terms Model provisions suggests an illustrative enumeration of most typical kinds of expressions of Folklore....more | | | | 11/11/2010 | | ‘LET’S UPLIFT OUR CULTURE’ | | Newly appointed Acting Director of the Center for National Culture, Greater Accra Region George Oppong...more | | | | 25/10/2007 | | Kwame Nkrumah misfounded Ghana | | THIS essay has been prompted by an introspection of Ghana’s fortunes since independence and the celebration of the Jubilee this year. The writer seeks to answer the question why there appears to be “something missing” somewhere in the scheme of affairs in Ghana’s development....more | | | | 12/10/2007 | | DR SUSAN DE-GRAFT JOHNSON – FIRST GOLD COAST FEMALE DOCTOR | | Dr (Mrs.) Susan de-Graft Johnson (Nee Ofori-Atta) was one of the three children Nana Sir Ofori-Atta I, the Okyenhene and Paramount Chief of the Akyem Abuakwa Traditional Area, had with Nana Akosua Duodu....more | | | | |
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